|
|
|
Erhu----stringed
instrument
|
| Erhu
fiddle is also called "South fiddle". Holding a long history, it
is a representative of Chinese traditional stringed instruments
with high popularity. Dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907),
the bow of "ji fiddle" which was the predecessor of south fiddle,
was made from a piece of bamboo. "Music Book" of the Song Dynasty
(960-1279) called it "xi qin". Moreover, at that time, the xi qin
had already got the basically same structure as today's erhu fiddle,
which can be seen from the scroll paintings of Tang Dynasty. As
to the "horse tail hu qin" fiddle described in Shen Kuo's "Notes
from the Dreaming Brook", its bow was made from horse tails. During
the Ming (1368-1644) and the Qing (1616-1911) Dynasty, with the
development of folk and local opera, fiddle gradually developed
into different kinds of stringed instruments, such as erhu, banhu,
jinghu, zhuihu, yuehu and so on.(中文) |
|
二胡--拉弦乐器
|
| 二胡也称南胡，是中国民族乐器中历史悠久，流行普遍并具有代表性的拉弦乐器。早在唐朝，其前身以竹片为弓，称为嵇琴。宋朝的《乐书》称之为奚琴，有："奚琴本胡乐也"的记载。而我们从唐代所绘的画卷里便可以看到，当时的奚琴与今天的二胡构造已经基本一致了。沈括在《梦溪笔谈》中所说的马尾胡琴，是以马尾为弓的胡琴。明清时，随着民间音乐和地方戏曲的发展，胡琴在各种不同的音乐风格中，逐渐形成了二胡，板胡，京胡，坠胡，粤胡等拉弦乐器。
|
| During
the period of "May 4th" in the 1920's, Mr. Liu Tianhua, the distinguished
composer, instrumentalist and revolutionist, designed the new-standard
erhu. He composed 12 pieces of solo and 47 pieces of etude, which
standardized the folk music of erhu fiddle and made it a course
of the high education, opening a new era of instrumental performance
development of erhu fiddle.(中文) |
| "五四"时期杰出的作曲家、演奏家和革新家刘天华先生，设计了新规格的二胡，固定了定弦法则，首次创作出十二首二胡独奏曲和四十七首练习曲等作品，把处于民间状态的二胡趋于规范化，并使之进入高等学府的课堂，开创了二胡演奏艺术发展的新阶段。
|
| The
timbre of erhu is full of Chinese national characteristics. It is
very popular among the Chinese people because of its expressing
capability of different kinds of emotions, such as sorrow like the
cuckoo ululating the blood and resolute like thousands of horses
galloping ahead. To some degree, we can say erhu fiddle is the most
manifesting bowed stringed instrument.(中文) |
| 二胡音色具有浓郁的民族风味，悲时犹如杜鹃啼血，烈时好似万马奔腾，其哀婉刚毅无所不能的表现力受到很多人喜爱。可以说，它是我国最具有表现力的拉弦乐器。 |
|
