平沙落雁

Dongxiao ----wind instruments

In the archaeological discoveries, bone sounders were found among the unearthed relics dating back over 7000 years. Each Gushao (bone pipe), called by the archaeologists, was made of the middle part of the birds' femurs. After extracting the essence, the ancient people made an about 7cm-long hollow bone, on which they chiseled two or three holes. This is believed to be the archetype by many masters of wind instruments.(中文)

洞箫--吹奏乐器

箫的产生，其历史可以追根溯源到远古时期。我国考古学表明，目前出土文物中发现了有距今七千多年的骨质发声器，考古学家称之为"骨哨"(浙江河姆渡出土的文物,现存浙江博物馆)。这批骨哨是用鸟禽类中段肢骨制成的，古代人将骨骼中的骨髓抽掉，形成一支中空的骨管，然后在管壁上打有孔洞，它们长7厘米左右，管径6--8毫米，略呈弧曲形，在凸弧面上开有二或三孔，可以吹出几个音来，于是就形成了骨哨。

Records in Lü's Spring and Autumn Annuals show that Emperor Huang ordered musical players to cut bamboo in Kunlun (in today's west China) to make pipes. It fully proved that bamboo instruments came into existence from the Neolithic Age. (中文)

那么用竹子做的吹奏乐器又是什么年代形成的呢？<<吕氏春秋>>中写有："黄帝命伶伦伐昆仑之竹为管"的记载。据说远古时期气候较暖，我国黄河流域遍长竹子，只是因为后来气候变化，竹子的生长线才南迁到长江流域。伶伦伐竹为管的记载，充分说明了用竹子做乐器在新石器时代已经开始了。

The difference between modern Xiao and Dizi lies in that the former is played horizontally with the film while the latter is played vertically. According to the composition of human body, playing vertically is more suitable for man's natural movement. However, as Dizi is played horizontally, the sound is larger. As the film is added, the timbre is clearer, resulting in more expressive force. The soft timbre and the low volume make Xiao a unique instrument for solo and ensemble. The euphemistic melody played by Xiao usually represents fine and smooth feelings. (中文)

现代笛箫的区别,在于笛子横吹有膜孔,箫竖吹没有膜孔,但有后音孔。从人体身体结构来看,竖吹更符合人体正常的动作状态。但由于横吹音量大。传得远,加上膜以后音色清脆,明亮,表现力强,吹笛子的人逐渐多了起来。箫的音量较小,音色柔和,甘美而幽雅,适于独奏和重奏。箫适于演奏低沉委婉的曲调,寄托宁静悠远的遐思,表现细腻丰富的情感。